Semiconductor device with bus terminating function

ABSTRACT

The distance between a drain contact and gate electrode in a terminating transistor, which couples a termination resistor connected to an output terminal to a power source node, is set shorter than in an output transistor, which drives an output node in accordance with an internal signal. The area of the terminating circuit is reduced while the reliability against the surge is maintained. Thus, an output circuit containing the terminating circuit that occupies a small area and is capable of transmitting a signal/data at high speed is provided.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 11/212,764, filed on Aug. 29, 2005, U.S. Pat. No. 7,221,184 which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/391,021 filed Mar. 19, 2003, U.S. Pat. No. 7,106,092 which claims priority of Japanese Application No. 2002-307961, filed Oct. 23, 2002, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a semiconductor device driving an output node, and specifically, to a semiconductor device with a bus terminating function.

2. Description of the Background Art

In a semiconductor device, a transistor connected to a pin terminal is easy to be affected by noises, since it is directly connected to the outside of the device via the pin terminal. Among the noises, one at a level enough to destruct a device (a transistor) is referred to as a surge. A destruction of a semiconductor device by the surge is referred to as electrostatic damage (ESD), which is accompanied by breakdown of a gate insulating film of an MOS transistor (insulated gate field effect transistor) and others. Therefore, for the reliability of the semiconductor device, the breakdown voltage enough to withstand the surge is required.

For an input pin receiving an external signal, usually, an input protection circuit is configured by a diode or a diode-connected MOS transistor (insulated gate field effect transistor), or a field transistor with a sufficiently thick gate insulating film. By this input protection circuit, the surge is caused to flow to a power supply terminal or a ground terminal, and thus transmission of the surge to the internal circuitry is prevented.

The protection circuit is not required for an output circuit, since an output transistor serves as a surge absorbing transistor. However, in an MOS output circuit configured with an MOS transistor, a large current may flow into the output transistor or high electric field may be generated at drain due to the surge voltage, which may result in electrostatic damage. In order to reduce the current and the drain electric field for avoiding such electrostatic damage, the resistance value of drain region (hereinafter referred to as a drain diffusion resistance) in the output transistor must be increased. Usually, in order to increase the drain resistance, the distance between the gate of the output transistor and a drain contact for connecting to the output node is required to be sufficiently long. Consequently, the diffusion region area of the drain portion in the output transistor increases, and hence, the size of the output transistor increases.

An arrangement for preventing electrostatic damage with limited area of the output circuit is proposed in Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2001-127173. According to this first prior art document, drain diffusion region is made different in impurity concentration from source diffusion region, to have an increased drain diffusion resistance value.

In a second prior art document, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 11-214621, an arrangement is disclosed in which a terminating resistance element and a protection element for this terminating resistance element are provided between an output transistor and an output pad. According to this second prior art document, the electrostatic protection element is formed of an MOS transistor, and in order to increase the resistance of the drain region, i.e., drain diffusion resistance, the distance between gate and drain contact of the MOS transistor is made longer. Taking advantage of this large drain diffusion region area, the terminating resistance element is arranged above the drain region of the electrostatic protection element in order not to increase the layout area of the entire output circuit. The terminating resistance element is a current limiting resistance element for avoiding a reflecting wave such as a ringing in signal transmission, and is connected between the output pad and the output node (drain) of the output transistor.

In a third prior art document, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 10-65744, an arrangement is disclosed in which impedance switching means is provided between an output terminal and an output circuit. The impedance switching means is set to a low impedance state in transmission and to a high impedance state in reception, to reduce reflection noises due to capacitive load of transmission path.

According to the arrangement shown in the first prior art document, the impurity-concentrations of source and drain in the output transistor must be made different, and hence, the number of manufacturing steps increases. The drain diffusion resistance is continuously connected to an external bus via the pin terminal. If the drain diffusion resistance functions as terminating resistance, then an output signal is driven via high drain diffusion resistance in signal outputting, and thus the signal can not be transmitted at high speed.

According to the arrangement disclosed in the second prior art document, the protection circuit for the terminating resistance element is arranged corresponding to the output circuit. The distance between a drain contact and a gate electrode of the MOS transistor of the protection circuit is large enough to place the terminating resistor thereabove. Accordingly, the interface area between the drain region and the substrate region is made large, and a large drain junction capacitance of this protection circuit is connected to the output pin terminal. Consequently, the parasitic capacitance of the output pin terminal increases, and thus, a signal can not be transmitted at high speed. Further, since the terminating resistance element is connected between the drain of the output transistor and the output pad and functions as a current limiting element for an output signal, the signal can not be output at high speed. Moreover, since the terminating resistance causes a voltage drop, a signal at CMOS level can not be transmitted.

According to the arrangement disclosed in the third prior art document, the impedance switching means is provided for the output pin terminal, which has the impedance switched between a transmission mode and a reception mode. In this case also, however, a protection element against the surge must be provided, which increases the occupying area of the circuit for switching the termination resistance value in accordance with the operation mode. Especially, if the circuit portion for controlling this termination resistance is formed with a transistor having an increased drain diffusion resistance, then the load of the output pin increases accordingly. Thus, a signal can not be transmitted at high speed, and the occupying area of the output circuit increases further. In the third prior art document, the consideration is only given to suppress the ringing in signal transmission and reception, and an arrangement for reducing the output circuit area and for alleviating the load of the transmission path is not considered.

Each of U.S. Pat. No. 6,809,546 B2 and US 2004/0032319 A1 discloses an on-chip termination circuit formed of series connection of a termination resistor and a MOS transistor, but fails to show the specific layout of the termination circuit as in the present application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device capable of transferring a signal accurately at high speed, without increase in circuit area and degradation in reliability.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor circuit device with an output circuit containing a terminating circuit, which is capable of transferring a signal of CMOS level at high speed with small occupying area and high reliability.

A semiconductor device according to the present invention includes a first output transistor driving an output node in accordance with an internal signal, a first resistance element having one end connected to the output node, and a first terminating transistor element connected between another end of the first resistance element and a first power supply node and selectively made conductive in accordance with an operation mode designating signal. The distance between a control electrode and a contact of one conduction terminal in the first terminating transistor is shorter than in the first output transistor.

By arranging the terminating circuit inside the semiconductor device, a signal can be transmitted through selective operation of the terminating circuit while maintaining the impedance matching to the bus, even when the system configuration is modified. Therefore, a signal can be transmitted at high speed with no adverse effect by an interconnection line impedance or others.

Additionally, by setting the drain contact-to-gate (control electrode) length in the terminating transistor shorter than in the output transistor, the area will not be increased despite of placing the terminating circuit. Further, by placing the terminating resistance element, the breakdown voltage against the surge of the terminating transistor can be assured. Thus, a reliable semiconductor device with a small occupying area, having an output circuit that is capable of transmitting a signal at high speed can be implemented.

The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of a first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows an electric equivalent circuit of the layout shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows an electric equivalent circuit of the layout shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows an electric equivalent circuit of the layout shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 shows the configuration of a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of the circuit shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows the configuration of a first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of the circuit shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 shows the configuration of a second modification of the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of the circuit shown in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 schematically shows the configuration of a third modification of the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 schematically shows the two dimensional layout of the circuit shown in FIG. 15; and

FIG. 17 schematically shows the overall configuration of a semiconductor device according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment

FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a main part of a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an output circuit 1 and a terminating circuit 10 provided for an external output pad 5 are representatively shown. Pad 5 is connected to a pin terminal, which is not shown.

Output circuit 1 includes P-channel MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b each connected between a power supply node and an output node 3 and selectively made conductive in accordance with an output control signal ZOTH, and N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b each connected between output node 3 and a ground node and selectively made conductive in accordance with an output control signal OTL. Power supply voltage VCCQ for the output circuit is supplied to the power supply node, and ground voltage VSSQ for the output circuit is supplied to the ground node. Output node 3 is connected to output pad 5.

The logic levels of output control signals ZOTH and OTL are set in accordance with an operating condition of output circuit 1 and an internal signal. When output control signal ZOTH is at H level (logical high level) and output control signal OTL is at L level (logical low level), MOS transistors 2 a, 2 b, 4 a and 4 b are all in an off state (non-conductive state), and output circuit 1 is set to an output high impedance state. In this output high impedance state, output circuit 1 is in standby state. When output control signals ZOTH and OTL are both at H level, MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b are both in off state while MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b are both in on state (conductive state), and output node 3 is driven to ground voltage VSSQ level.

When output control signals ZOTH and OTL are both at L level, MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b are both in on state while MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b are both in off state. Responsively, output node 3 is driven to power supply voltage for output circuit, or output power supply voltage VCCQ level.

In operation of output circuit 1, output control signals ZOTH and OTL are generated in accordance with an internal signal. The internal signal is internal read data when the semiconductor device shown is applied to a memory device, and based on the internal data and a read operation timing control signal, these output control signals ZOTH and OTL are generated.

Two MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b, or two MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b are arranged in parallel for the following reasons. These MOS transistors 2 a, 2 b, 4 a, and 4 b are each configured with unit MOS transistors, and using a plurality of unit transistors, required driving power is provided to output circuit 1. Therefore, the number of pull-down N-channel MOS transistors for discharging the output and the number of pull-up P-channel transistors for charging the output are determined as appropriate in accordance with a power required for driving external pad 5 and the current drivability of the unit MOS transistor.

Terminating circuit 10 includes a resistance element 13 having one end connected to an output node 12, P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b connected between another end of resistance element 13 and a power supply node and receiving a termination control signal ZTERM at their gates, a resistance element 14 having one end connected to an output node 12, and N-channel MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b connected between the other end of resistance element 14 and a ground node and receiving a termination control signal TERM at their gates.

Voltages VCC and VSS applied to terminating circuit 10 are supplied from a power supply terminal different from that applying voltages VCCQ and VSSQ to output circuit 1. By applying operation power supply voltages VCCQ and VSSQ dedicatedly to output circuit 1, the operation of output circuit 1 can be stabilized, or the power supply noise in an output operation is prevented from being transmitted to other circuits. Voltages VCC and VSS applied to terminating circuit 10 may be supplied from the common power supply terminal that applies voltages VCCQ and VSSQ to output circuit 1. Further, voltages VCC and VCCQ may be at the same voltage level, or may be at different voltage levels.

Termination control signals ZTERM and TERM are control signals complementary to each other. When activating the terminating operation of terminating circuit 10, termination control signal ZTERM is set at L level and termination control signal TERM is set at H level. When deactivating the terminating operation of terminating circuit 10, termination control signal ZTERM is set at H level and termination control signal TERM is set at L level.

As in output circuit 1, in terminating circuit 10 as well, two MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b at H level side and two MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b at L level side are arranged, for forming these termination control P- and N-channel switching MOS transistors each with a plurality of unit MOS transistors.

In terminating circuit 10, MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b are connected to output node 12 via resistance element 13, while MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b are connected to output node 12 via resistance element 14. Output node 12 is connected to output pad 5. Therefore, MOS transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a, and 15 b for termination control are not necessarily required to comply with the drain contact-to-gate distance requirement that is specified to assure the reliability against electrostatic damage, and that is the requirement for output MOS transistors 2 a, 2 b, 4 a, and 4 b directly connected to the output pin. Accordingly, the drain contact-to-gate distances of MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b are set shorter than those of MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b, or the drain contact-to-gate distances of MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b are set shorter than those of MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b. By shortening the drain contact-to-gate distance, the drain resistance is reduced, and hence, the layout area of the drain region of each of terminating transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a, and 15 b is reduced.

The relationship between termination control signals TERM and ZTERM, and output control signals ZOTH and OTL for terminating circuit 10 are not specifically determined. The terminating operation of terminating circuit 10 may be activated in a signal/data output operation of output circuit 1. Further, such an arrangement may be employed that the terminating operation of terminating circuit 10 is deactivated in a signal/data output operation of output circuit 1 and a terminating circuit of another circuit connected to a signal bus, not shown, is activated. Still further, where the pad 5 is further connected to a signal input pin and therefore to a not shown input circuit, the terminating operation of terminating circuit 10 may be deactivated or activated in a signal input operation.

The activation period of the terminating operation of terminating circuit 1 may be set in accordance with the condition of a load connected to an external bus.

Therefore, activation/deactivation timing and period of termination control signals TERM and ZTERM needs only to be determined as appropriate in accordance with the termination control condition of the bus of the system to which the semiconductor circuit device is applied.

FIG. 2 shows the two-dimensional layout of MOS transistors in output circuit 1 and terminating circuit 10 shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b of output circuit 1 are formed in a rectangular active region 18, and output MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b are formed in a rectangular active region 19 arranged facing to active region 18.

Active region 18 includes a drain impurity region PDa formed in the middle portion, and source impurity regions PSa and PSb formed at opposing sides thereof. A gate electrode 22 a is arranged between drain impurity region PDa and source impurity region PSa, and a gate electrode 22 b is arranged between drain impurity region PDa and source impurity region PSb. Drain impurity region PDa is shared by transistors 2 a and 2 b. Output control signal ZOTH is commonly applied to these gate electrodes 22 a and 22 b.

Source impurity regions PSa and PSb are connected to power supply nodes via source contacts 20 a and 20 b, respectively. Drain impurity region PDa is connected to output node 3 via drain contact 21 a. The distance between drain contact 21 a and gate electrode 22 a is Lpo. Similarly, although not shown explicitly, the distance between drain contact 21 a and gate electrode 22 b of MOS transistor 2 b is also Lpo.

In active region 19 also, an N-type drain impurity region NDa is arranged in the middle portion, and at opposing sides thereof, N-type source impurity regions NSa and NSb are arranged. A gate electrode 22 c is arranged between N-type source impurity region NSa and N-type drain impurity region NDa, and a gate electrode 22 d is arranged between drain impurity region NDa and source impurity region NSb. Drain impurity region NDa is shared by MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b. Drain impurity region NDa is connected to output node 3 via drain contact 21 b. The distance between drain contact 21 b and gate electrode 22 c is Lno. Similarly, though not shown explicitly in FIG. 2, the distance between drain contact 21 b and gate electrode 22 b is also Lno. Source impurity regions NSa and NSb are electrically connected to ground nodes via source contacts 22 c and 22 d, respectively.

In terminating circuit 10, terminating MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b are formed in P-type active region 30, while MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b are formed in N-type active region 32. In P-type active region 30, a drain impurity region PDb is formed in the middle portion, and at opposing sides thereof, source impurity regions PSc and PSd are formed. A gate electrode 22 e is provided between drain impurity region PDb and source impurity region PSc, and gate electrode 22 f is arranged between drain impurity region PDb and source impurity region PSd.

Impurity region PDb is shared by MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b. Drain impurity region PDb is connected to the other end of resistance element 13 via drain contact 21 c. Source impurity regions PSc and PSd are electrically connected to power supply nodes via source contacts 20 e and 20 f, respectively. The distance between drain contact 21 c and gate electrode 22 e is Lpt, and the distance between drain contact 21 c and gate electrode 22 f is also Lpt. In FIG. 2, drain contact-to-gate distance of MOS transistor 11 a is indicated.

In N-type active region 32, an N-type drain impurity region NDb is formed at the middle portion, and at opposing sides thereof, N-type source impurity regions NSc and NSd are arranged. A gate electrode 22 g is arranged between N-type source impurity region NSc and N-type drain impurity region NDb, and a gate electrode 22 h is arranged between N-type drain impurity region NDb and N-type source impurity region NSd. Source impurity regions NSc and NSd are electrically connected to ground nodes via source contacts 20 g and 20 h, respectively. Drain impurity region NDb is connected to the other end of resistance element 14 via drain contact 21 d. Resistance elements 13 and 14 each have the one end connected to node 12. The distance from drain contact 21 d to gate electrodes 22 g and to 22 h of MOS transistor 15 a and 15 b, respectively, is Lnt.

The drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpo of MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b is longer than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpt of MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b. The drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b is longer than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lnt of MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b.

If drain impurity regions PDa and PDb are the same in impurity concentration, and if drain impurity regions NDa and NDb are the same in impurity concentration, then shorter drain contact-to-gate electrode distance results in smaller drain resistance. In this case, the electric field relaxation by resistance elements 13 and 14 can compensate for the reduction of drain resistance of MOS transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a and 15 b in terminating circuit 10.

Terminating resistance elements 13 and 14 may be configured with diffusion resistance, or may be configured with polysilicon resistance.

As shown in FIG. 2, the length of P-type active region 30 in horizontal direction in FIG. 2 is shorter than P-type active region 18 by at least 2·(Lpo−Lpt). Similarly, the length of N-type active region 32 in horizontal direction is shorter than N-type active region 19 by at least 2·(Lno−Lnt). Therefore, in terminating circuit 10, the occupying area of active regions 30 and 32 can be reduced, as compared to the case of the countermeasure against the electrostatic damage similar to that for MOS transistor 2 a, 2 b, 4 a, and 4 b in output circuit 1. Accordingly, the occupying area of terminating circuit 10 can be reduced, and thus to suppress the increase in occupying area of the semiconductor circuit device including this output circuit and terminating circuit 10. The relaxation of electric field/current at drain in terminating transistor 11 a, 11 b, and 15 a, 15 b is achieved by resistance elements 13 and 14, respectively, and thus the electrostatic damage of terminating transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a, and 15 b can be prevented.

Further, by using terminating circuit 10, a signal can be transmitted at high speed via pad 5, while maintaining impedance matching with the bus.

In the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance satisfies the following relation: Lpo>Lpt, Lno>Lnt

However, the following conditional relation may be satisfied as well: Lpo>Lpt, Lno>Lpt, Lpo>Lnt, and Lno>Lnt.

In the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, with output transistors 2 a, 2 b, 4 a, and 4 b each comprised of a unit transistor, the output circuit 1 is constructed, and similarly in terminating circuit 10, MOS transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a, and 15 b each comprised of a unit transistor are employed for constructing pull-up and pull-down terminating transistors. However, in accordance with the load of pad 5, the output control transistor or the termination control transistor may be formed using three or more unit transistors. Increasing the numbers of unit transistors employed, the effect of area saving achieved by the decreased drain contact-to-gate electrode distance will be more significant.

First Modification

FIG. 3 schematically shows a layout of transistors in output circuit 1 and terminating circuit 10 according to a first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. The layout of the semiconductor circuit device shown in FIG. 3 is different from that of FIG. 2 in the following points. No pulling-down termination circuit portion is provided in terminating circuit 10. Terminating resistance element 13 and P-type active region 30 forming P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b are provided. In P-type active region 30, the distances Lpt from drain contact 21 c to gate electrode 22 e and to gate electrode 22 f, respectively, are set sufficiently shorter as compared with the corresponding distance Lpo of P-channel MOS transistors included in output circuit 1. In this case, the distance Lpt is set shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of N-channel MOS transistors of output circuit 1.

The other configuration of the circuit layout shown in FIG. 3 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, therefore corresponding parts are denoted by identical reference numerals or characters and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In the arrangement shown in FIG. 3, the configuration of output circuit 1 is identical to the configuration shown in FIG. 2. In terminating circuit 10, since pulling-down resistance element and N-channel MOS transistors are not provided, the occupying area of terminating circuit 10 as well as the parasitic capacitance associated with node 12 can be decreased, allowing output circuit 1 to drive pad 5 at high speed.

FIG. 4 shows an electric equivalent circuit of the configuration shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 4, in terminating circuit 10, resistance element 13 has one end connected to node 12, and between this resistance element 13 and power supply node, P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b receiving termination control signal ZTERM at their gates are connected.

Output circuit 1 includes, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, pulling-up transistors 2 a and 2 b, and pulling-down transistors 4 a and 4 b.

Terminating circuit 10 can perform the terminating operation at high speed on node 12 with reduced parasitic capacitance, owing to the small drain diffusion resistance of MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b and absence of pull-down transistors 15 a and 15 b. The terminating operation condition is the same as described above referring to FIG. 1 and determined as appropriate in accordance with the bus termination condition of the system involved.

Further, in terminating circuit 10, since drain junction capacitances of MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b shown in FIG. 1 will not be coupled to pad 5 via resistance element 13, the load of pad 5 can be reduced, allowing output circuit 1 to drive the pad 5 at high speed.

The configuration of output circuit 1 is the same as the configuration of output circuit 1 shown in FIG. 1, and pad 5 is driven via output node 3 in accordance with output signals ZOTH and OTL.

In termination control circuit 10 shown in FIG. 3, in pulling-down operation, pad 5 is pulled up to power supply voltage VCC level. The termination voltage VCC may be the same voltage as voltage VCCQ of output circuit 1, or may be applied from a different power supply terminal. Further, the voltages VCC and VCCQ may be at the same voltage level or may be at different voltage levels. Terminating circuit 10 may be configured only with a pulling-down circuit that drives the pad 5 to ground voltage level in the terminating operation (i.e., may be configured with resistance element 14 and MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b).

Second Modification

FIG. 5 schematically shows the layout of an output circuit and a terminating circuit according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. The layout shown in FIG. 5 is different from the layout shown in FIG. 2 in the following points. P-type active region 18 is not arranged, but an N-type active region 19 is arranged in output circuit 1. The distance between drain contact 21 b and gate electrode 22 c in N-type active region 19 is set to Lno. Source impurity regions NSa and NSb are coupled to ground nodes via source contacts 20 c and 20 d, respectively.

In output circuit 1, MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b are arranged to drive output node 3 in accordance with output control signal OTL applied to gate electrodes 22 c and 22 d. Accordingly, the output circuit 1 drives the external signal line via output pad 5, according to the open-drain scheme.

The configuration of terminating circuit 10 is similar to the layout of terminating circuit 10 shown in FIG. 2, therefore identical reference numerals or characters are allotted to corresponding parts, and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 5, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distances Lpt of P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b included in terminating circuit 10 are set shorter than the gate electrode-to-drain contact distances Lno of N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b included in output circuit 1. Similarly, drain contact-to-gate electrode distances Lnt of N-channel MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b are set shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distances Lno of N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b included in output circuit 1.

This output circuit 1 includes only the circuit of open-drain scheme, which pulls down output node 3 in accordance with output control signal OTL. To output node 3, only the pulling-down N-channel MOS transistors are connected, thus the load of output node 3 is reduced and the pad 5 can be driven at high speed.

FIG. 6 shows an electric equivalent circuit of the configuration shown in FIG. 5. Referring to FIG. 6, in output circuit 1, N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b receiving output control signal OTL at their gates are arranged in parallel between output node 3 and ground nodes. The circuit configuration of the terminating circuit 10 is the same as terminating circuit 10 shown in FIG. 1. Terminating transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a and 15 b, as well as terminating resistors 13 and 14 are provided.

After output pad 5 is driven to ground voltage VSSQ level by output circuit 1 in accordance with output control signal OTL, the pad 5 can be precharged to power supply voltage VCC level again, using terminating circuit 10. Additionally, since the output circuit of open-drain scheme is employed, the load of output circuit 1 is reduced, and thus an output signal can be generated at high speed.

In the configuration of open-drain scheme output circuit 1 also, in terminating circuit 10, the gate electrode-to-drain contact distance of each of the MOS transistors included therein is set short and thus the occupying area of terminating circuit 10 is sufficiently small. Therefore, an output signal can be generated at high speed accurately while suppressing the increase in circuit occupying area.

Third Modification

FIG. 7 schematically shows a layout of a third modification of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 7 is different from the layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 5 in the following points. Resistance element 14 and N-type active region 32 are not provided in terminating circuit 10 and resistance element 13 and P-type active region 30 are provided. Specifically, P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b terminating at power supply voltage level are provided in terminating circuit 10. The distances Lpt from drain contact 21 c to gate electrodes 22 e and 22 f of P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b, respectively, are set shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distances Lno of N-channel MOS transistors included in output circuit 1. Source impurity regions PSc and PSd are connected to power supply nodes via source contacts 20 e and 20 f, respectively.

Similarly, in output circuit 1, source impurity regions NSa and NSb in N active region 19 are connected to ground nodes via source contacts 20 c and 20 d, respectively. Specifically, in output circuit 1, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 5, N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b are provided, but pulling-up P-channel MOS transistors are not provided.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 7, pad 5 is driven to ground voltage level by N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b in accordance with open-drain scheme, and pad 5 is terminated at power supply voltage level.

In the configuration of terminating circuit 10 and output circuit 1 shown in FIG. 7, output pad 5 is driven in open-drain scheme, and terminating circuit 10 terminates output pad 5 to power supply node at appropriate timing in accordance with the bus condition. The loads on output pad 5 are only the drain junction capacitances and the interconnection line capacitances of active regions 19 and 30, and the drain junction capacitances of N-channel MOS transistors in terminating circuit 10 are eliminated, and thus, output pad 5 is driven at higher speed.

FIG. 8 shows an electric equivalent circuit of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 7. Referring to FIG. 8, in terminating circuit 10, there are arranged resistance element 13, and P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b that selectively connect resistance element 13 to power supply node in accordance with termination control signal ZTERM.

In output circuit 1, N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b are connected in parallel, which drive output node 3 to ground voltage VSSQ level in accordance with output control signal OTL. Therefore, by driving output pad 5 in the open-drain scheme and by terminating the pad 5 at power supply voltage VCC level, the load of pad 5 is reduced and a signal can be transmitted at high speed. Power supply voltage VCC applied to terminating circuit 10 may be power supply voltage VCCQ, or may be a different voltage.

In this case also, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpt of each of terminating P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b is set sufficiently shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of each of N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b of output circuit 1, whereby the occupying area of terminating circuit 10 is made sufficiently small.

In general, an output pad is driven to ground voltage VSSQ level in the open-drain scheme. Alternatively, a pulling-up transistor for performing a pulling up to power supply voltage level in accordance with an output control signal may be provided in output circuit 1, while a transistor performing a termination at ground voltage level may be provided in terminating circuit 10.

Where both of a P-channel MOS transistor and an N-channel MOS transistor are used in output circuit 1, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpo of P-channel transistor and the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of N-channel transistor may not be made equal to each other. Additionally, where both of a P-channel MOS transistor and a N-channel MOS transistor are used in terminating circuit 10, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpt and the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lnt thereof may not be equal to each other.

The minimum requirement is that the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance of the MOS transistor in the terminating circuit is shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance of the MOS transistor in the output circuit, and the layout area of such terminating MOS transistors is sufficiently smaller than that of output MOS transistors.

As above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distances of terminating MOS transistors are set shorter than those of output MOS transistors. Accordingly, the layout area of terminating circuit can be reduced sufficiently as compared to a configuration with conventional protection mechanism against electrostatic damage, and thus the occupying area of signal output portion can be reduced.

Further, since the terminating circuit is provided in a semiconductor device, the bus termination condition can be optimized in accordance with the bus utilization condition, and thus a signal/data can be transmitted accurately at high speed, while maintaining bus impedance matching.

Second Embodiment

FIG. 9 schematically shows a configuration of an output circuit and a terminating circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, both of the circuits are collectively referred to as a semiconductor device). In the configuration shown in FIG. 9, output node 3 of output circuit 1 is electrically connected to pad 5 via interconnection line 50. Terminating circuit 10 is provided distant from pad 5 relative to output circuit 1. A terminating node 12 of terminating circuit 10 is connected to the same interconnection line 50. Terminating node 12 of terminating circuit 10 and output node 3 of output circuit 1 are electrically connected to pad 5 via common interconnection line 50.

Similarly to the first embodiment, output circuit 1 includes pulling up P-channel MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b, and pulling down N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b, which drive output node 3 in accordance with output control signals ZOTH and OTL, respectively.

Similarly to the first embodiment, terminating circuit 10 includes, as its components, resistance elements 13 and 14, P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b that are selectively made conductive in accordance with termination control signal ZTERM, and N-channel MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b that are selectively made conductive in accordance with termination control signal TERM.

The operations of terminating circuit 10 and output circuit 1 are the same as in the first embodiment, and the logic level of termination control signals ZTERM and TERM for terminating circuit 10 is set in accordance with the termination condition of an external bus connected to pad 5 and the operation of output circuit 1.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 9, termination node 12 of terminating circuit 10 and output node 3 of output circuit 1 are connected to pad 5 via common interconnection line 50. This interconnection line 50 extends from pad 5 to terminating circuit 10 via output circuit 1. Therefore, a distance L2 between termination node 12 of terminating circuit 10 and pad 5 is made longer than a distance Li between output node 3 of output circuit 1 and pad 5.

In operation, output circuit 1 and terminating circuit 10 drive the pad 5 via common interconnection line 50. In output circuit 1, input capacitance to pad 5 exists due to the interconnection line and junction capacitances of MOS transistors 2 a, 2 b, 4 a and 4 b. Additionally, there exists a line resistance in interconnection line 50. Accordingly, a low pass filter is formed by the parasitic capacitance and the interconnection line resistance in a path from pad 5 to terminating circuit 10 via interconnection line 50. Even though a surge is generated at pad 5, the steep surge is mitigated by the parasitic low pass filter and then transmitted to terminating circuit 10.

In output circuit 1, MOS transistors 2 a, 2 b, 4 a, and 4 b each have the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance set sufficiently long to have large drain resistance, and therefore the reliability against surge is assured. In terminating circuit 10, the surge is mitigated by the parasitic low pass filter formed by output circuit 1 and interconnection line 50, and then transmitted. Therefore, in terminating circuit 10, the requirement of assuring reliability against the surge for MOS transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a, and 15 b is further relaxed. When the surge is sufficiently mitigated by resistance elements 13 and 14 and the parasitic low pass filter, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distances of MOS transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a, and 15 b in terminating circuit 10 can be shortened down to the limitation in designing, i.e., to the minimum design size, and thus the occupying area of terminating circuit 10 can be reduced.

FIG. 10 schematically shows a configuration of layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 9. In FIG. 10, output circuit 1 is arranged proximate to pad 5, and terminating circuit 10 is arranged far away from pad 5 as compared to output circuit 1. Termination node 12 of terminating circuit 10 and output node 3 of output circuit 1 are connected to pad 5 by common interconnection line 50.

Output circuit 1 includes P-type active region 18 for forming P-channel MOS transistors, and N-type active region 19 for forming N-channel MOS transistors, as in the first embodiment. In output circuit 1, a part that correspond to a component of output circuit 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is allotted an identical reference numeral or character, and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In P-type active region 18, the distances from drain contact 21 a, formed in drain impurity region PDa, to gate electrode 22 a and to gate electrode 22 b each are Lpo. In N-type active region 19, the distances from drain contact 21 b, formed in drain impurity region NDa, to gate electrode 22 c and to gate electrode 22 d each is Lpo. In FIG. 10, only one of the drain contact-to-gate distance for each active region is indicated. By setting the distances Lpo and Lno longer, the drain resistance is increased and the reliability against the surge generated at pad 5 can be assured.

The layout of terminating circuit 10 is identical to that of terminating circuit 10 shown in FIG. 2, except that it is arranged further away from pad 5 via interconnection line 50 as compared to output circuit 1. As for this terminating circuit 10, corresponding parts are allotted with identical reference numerals or characters, and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In P-type active region 30, the distances from drain contact 21 c, formed in drain impurity region PDb, to gate electrodes 22 e and 22 f of MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b each are Lpt. In N-type active region 32, the distances between drain contact 21 d, formed in drain impurity region NDb, and gate electrodes 22 g and 22 h of MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b, respectively, are each Lnt. As previously described, since termination node 12 is electrically connected to pad 5 via interconnection line 50 and output node 3, a parasitic low pass filter is connected equivalently to this termination node 12. Accordingly, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distances Lpt and Lnt are set to minimum design size of Lpt (min) and Lnt (min) on designing, respectively. Thus, the layout area of active regions 30 and 32 can be reduced, and hence the occupying area of terminating circuit 10 can further be reduced.

It should be noted that in the second embodiment also, it is not necessary to set Lpt and Lnt equal to each other, nor Lpo and Lno equal to each other.

First Modification

FIG. 11 shows a configuration of a first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention. In a semiconductor device shown in FIG. 11, terminating circuit 10 terminates the pad 5 at power supply voltage VCC. This termination voltage VCC is applied from a power supply terminal different from the terminal that applies power supply voltage VCCQ to output circuit 1. These voltages VCCQ and VCC may be at the same voltage level, or may be at different voltage levels.

Terminating circuit 10 includes resistance element 13 having one end connected to termination node 12, and P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b connecting the other end of resistance element 13 to a power supply node in accordance with termination control signal ZTERM.

In terminating circuit 10, no transistor terminating at ground is provided. The configuration of output circuit 1 is identical to that of output circuit 1 shown in FIG. 9, thus corresponding parts are allotted with identical reference numerals or characters, and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 11 also, termination node 12 of terminating circuit 10 is connected to pad 5 via output node 3 of output circuit 1 by interconnection line 50. Accordingly, the distance L2 from termination node 12 of terminating circuit 10 to pad 5 is sufficiently longer than the distance L1 between output node 3 of output circuit 1 and pad 5, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 9. In this interconnection line 50, the parasitic resistance and the parasitic capacitance thereof mitigate the surge abruptly inputted to the output pad 5, and additionally, terminating resistor 13 mitigates the surge voltage, and thus the steep voltage by the surge is changed to a moderate voltage. Accordingly, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance of MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b in terminating circuit 10 is set sufficiently shorter than that of MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b in output circuit 1, and thus the drain resistances of the terminating MOS transistors are reduced.

FIG. 12 schematically shows the layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 11. The layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 12 is identical to that of FIG. 10, except that resistance element 14 and N-type active region 32 is removed from terminating circuit 10. Accordingly, in the configuration shown in FIG. 12, the parts corresponding to the components shown in FIG. 10 are allotted with identical reference numerals or characters and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In this arrangement where terminating circuit 10 terminates by power supply, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpt is set sufficiently shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpo of each of MOS transistors 2 a and 2 b of output circuit 1, and preferably, the distance Lpt is set to minimum design size Lpt (min). In this case, the distance Lpt is also set shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of each discharging MOS transistor in output circuit 1.

Accordingly, also in this the configuration where terminating circuit 10 terminates at power supply voltage VCC, interconnection line 50 has input capacitance of output circuit 1 as well as interconnection line capacitance and interconnection line resistance, and thus a low pass filter is formed, which mitigates the surge for transmission to terminating circuit 10. Even though the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance in terminating circuit 10 is set to minimum design size Lpt (min), since the surge is sufficiently mitigated and then transmitted, the reliability of these transistors 11 a and 11 b on occurrence of the surge can be sufficiently maintained.

Accordingly, the effect similar to that provided by the configurations shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 can be provided. Further, since terminating circuit 10 only terminates at power supply voltage VCC level and does not terminate at ground level, the occupying area of terminating circuit 10 can further be decreased. Terminating voltage VCC of terminating circuit 10 may be at an identical voltage level to power supply voltage VCCQ or may be at a different voltage level.

Second Modification

FIG. 13 shows a configuration of a second modification of the semiconductor device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 13, an output circuit of open-drain scheme that drives output node 3 to ground voltage level is employed as output circuit 1. Specifically, N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b that drives output node 3 to ground voltage level in accordance with output control signal OTL are provided in output circuit 1. No pulling up P-channel MOS transistors are provided in output circuit 1.

The configuration of terminating circuit 10 is identical to that of terminating circuit 10 shown in FIG. 9, therefore corresponding parts are allotted with identical reference numerals or characters, and detailed description thereof will not be repeated. Termination node 12 of this terminating circuit 10 is connected to pad 5 via output node 3 of output circuit 1 by interconnection line 50. The distance between termination node 12 and pad 5 is L2, while the distance between output node 3 and pad 5 is L1. Even though the surge is generated at pad 5, since transmission of the surge to terminating circuit 10 is made via interconnection line 50, the surge can be sufficiently mitigated and then transmitted to terminating circuit 10.

Accordingly, when output circuit 1 is an output circuit of open-drain scheme also, the input capacitance due to the drain junction capacitances of MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b and the parasitic capacitance of interconnection line 50 as well as the parasitic resistance of interconnection line 50 exists. Therefore, since a low pass filter is parasitically connected to termination node 12, the protection against the surge is established. Thus, these four MOS transistors 11 a, 11 b, 15 a, and 15 b do not require specific countermeasure against surge and their drain-to-gate electrode distances can be reduced, and the layout area of terminating circuit 10 can be reduced accordingly.

FIG. 14 schematically shows the layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 13. The layout shown in FIG. 14 is identical to that shown in FIG. 11, except that P-type active region 15 is removed from output circuit 1, therefore corresponding parts are allotted with identical reference numerals or characters, and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In the layout shown in FIG. 14, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpt of each of P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b of terminating circuit 10 is set shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of each of MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b of the output circuit, and preferably set to the minimum design size Lpt (min). Similarly, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lnt of each of MOS transistors 15 a and 15 b of terminating circuit 10 is set shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of each of MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b in output circuit 1, and preferably set to the minimum design size Lnt (min).

As shown explicitly in the layout in FIG. 14, the layout area of active regions 30 and 32 in terminating circuit 10 can be reduced, and the layout area is also reduced in output circuit 1, since only active region 19 is provided therein. Thus, an output circuit, driving the pad 5 in accordance with open-drain scheme at high speed with small occupying area, can be implemented. It should be noted that the ground voltage applied to terminating circuit 10 and the ground voltage applied to output circuit 1 may be applied from the same terminal, or may be from different terminals.

Third Modification

FIG. 15 shows a configuration of a third modification of the second embodiment of the present invention. The configuration shown in FIG. 15 is different from the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 13 in the following points. MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b for terminating at power supply voltage and resistance element 13 connecting to termination node 12 are provided in terminating circuit 10. These MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b connect resistance element 13 to a power supply node in accordance with termination control signal ZTERM.

Output circuit 1 has identical configuration to that shown in FIG. 13, and includes N-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b for driving the pad 5 to ground voltage level via output node 3 in accordance with output control signal OTL.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 15 also, termination node 12 of terminating circuit 10 is electrically connected to pad 5 via output node 3 by interconnection line 50. The distance L2 from termination node 12 to pad 5 and the distance L1 from output node 3 to pad 5 satisfy the relationship of L2>L2, and the surge is sufficiently mitigated by the parasitic low pass filter in interconnection line 50 before arrives at terminating circuit 10. Therefore, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance of each of MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b in terminating circuit 10 can be set to the minimum size permissible on designing (minimum design size).

FIG. 16 schematically shows the layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 15. The layout of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 16 is different from that of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 14 in the following points. Resistance element 14 and active region 32 are not provided in terminating circuit 10, and instead, resistance element 13 and P-type active region 30 are provided. The other configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 14, thus corresponding parts are allotted with identical reference numerals or characters, and detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

In the layout shown in FIG. 16, the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lpt of each of P-channel MOS transistors 11 a and 11 b is set shorter than the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance Lno of each of P-channel MOS transistors 4 a and 4 b, and set to the minimum design size Lpt (min).

As shown in FIG. 16, terminating circuit 10 merely includes P-type active region 30 and resistance element 13, and thus its layout area is reduced. Similarly, output circuit 1 merely includes N-type active region 19 and correspondingly, its layout area is reduced. The only restriction for interconnection line 50 is that both of termination node 12 and output node 3 must be connected to interconnection line 50 while satisfying the condition L2>L1.

FIG. 17 schematically shows overall configuration of a semiconductor circuit device according to the present invention. In FIG. 17, a semiconductor circuit device 70 includes output circuit 1 for driving the pad 5 via output node 3 in accordance with output control signals ZOTH and OTL, and terminating circuit 10 for terminating the pad 5 at a prescribed voltage level via terminating node 12 in accordance with termination control signals ZTERM and TERM.

Output circuit 1 includes a pull-up transistor 2 for driving the output node 3 to power supply voltage level in accordance with output control signal ZOTH, and a pull-down transistor 4 for driving the output node 3 to ground voltage level in accordance with output control signal OTL. These pull-up transistor 2 and pull-down transistor 4 correspond to MOS transistors 2 a, 2 b and MOS transistors 4 a, 4 b as described in the first and second embodiments above, respectively. Terminating circuit 10 has the identical configuration to that shown in FIG. 9.

Semiconductor circuit device 70 further includes a main control circuit 72 for controlling various specified operations in accordance with an external control signal, an internal circuit 74 performing a prescribed processing operation under the control of main control circuit 72 to generate output control signals ZOTH and OTL, and a termination control circuit 76 for generating termination control signals ZTERM and TERM under the control of main control circuit 72.

When internal circuit 74 is a memory circuit, the output control signals ZOTH and OTL are generated through combination of an internal read data and an output control signal. When pad 5 is also used as an input pad for a signal input, then prescribed signal/data is applied to main control circuit 72 or internal circuit 74 via this pad 5. When the output pad and the input pad are provided separately, then signals/data are applied to main control circuit 72 and internal circuit 74 via input pads that are not shown, respectively.

Termination control circuit 76 changes the state of termination control signals ZTERM and TERM in accordance with the usage condition of the bus to which semiconductor circuit device 70 is connected.

As output circuit 1 shown in FIG. 17, open-drain type output circuit may be provided only with pull-down transistor 4. Terminating circuit 10 may have any of the configurations shown in FIGS. 9 to 16. To terminating circuit 10, power supply voltage and/or ground voltage may be applied via the same terminal as output circuit 1, or may be applied via different terminals.

As above, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the terminating circuit and the output circuit are connected via the common interconnection line, with the terminating circuit arranged further away from the pad as compared to the output circuit. Accordingly, a low pass filter is formed by the parasitic capacitance and the parasitic resistance of the interconnection line, which serves to mitigate the surge. Thus, the drain resistance of the transistors in terminating circuit can be reduced, and the drain contact-to-gate electrode distance can be reduced down to the minimum design size. Accordingly, the layout area of the signal/data output portion can be reduced.

The distance from gate electrode to drain contact corresponds to the distance from a portion of connecting drain node and an internal node together to a contacting portion (interface portion) of the drain region and the channel region. Usually in MOS transistor, a drain high electric field is generated in a portion just under the gate electrode of the drain region. By adjusting the distance to the interface between the drain and the channel through which signal charges propagate, the drain high electric field on occurrence of the surge can be relaxed. Accordingly, the distance between the drain contact and the gate electrode is the distance when seen in two-dimensional layout.

In the above configurations, output circuits are constructed with MOS transistors. Even when the output circuit is constructed with bipolar transistors, the same effect can be achieved by replacing the drain with a collector of a bipolar transistor and the gate with a base of the bipolar transistor.

As above, according to the present invention, the distance between one conduction node and the control electrode of the terminating transistor is set shorter than the distance between one conduction node and the control electrode of the first output transistor driving the output node in accordance with an internal signal. Accordingly, the layout area of terminating circuit can be reduced, and the semiconductor device containing the terminating circuit can be implemented without increasing the layout area.

Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spirit and scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims. 

1. A semiconductor device comprising: a pad having first and second edge lines opposing to each other; a P channel output transistor connected between said pad and a first voltage node, disposed in an area on a side of the first edge line relative to a virtual straight line located between the first and second edge lines, and driving said pad in accordance with an internal signal; an N channel output transistor connected between said pad and a second voltage node, and disposed in an area on a side of the second edge line relative to said virtual straight line, and driving said pad in accordance with an internal signal; a P side terminating circuit disposed in an area on a side of the first edge line relative to said virtual straight line, and including a first terminating resistance element and a P channel terminating transistor connected in series between said pad and the first voltage node; and an N side terminating circuit disposed in an area on a side of the second edge line relative to said virtual straight line, and including a second terminating resistance element and an N channel terminating transistor connected in series between said pad and the second voltage node.
 2. A semiconductor device comprising: a memory circuit; a pad; an output circuit including a P channel output transistor connected between said pad and a first voltage node and an N channel output transistor connected between said pad and a second voltage node, and driving said pad in accordance with data read from said memory circuit; and a terminating circuit connected to said pad, and including (1) a first terminating resistance element and a P channel terminating transistor connected between said pad and said first voltage node in series, and (2) a second terminating resistance element and an N channel terminating transistor connected between said pad and said second voltage node in series, the P channel output transistor, the first terminating resistance element and the P channel terminating transistor being arranged on one of areas divided by a virtual straight line traversing said pad, and the N channel output transistor, the second terminating resistance element and the N channel terminating transistor being arranged on another area.
 3. A semiconductor integrated circuit device including a semiconductor chip with a surface and a memory circuit provided to the semiconductor chip, comprising: a bonding pad provided to the surface of the semiconductor chip; a first area which is defined on the surface of the semiconductor chip and which includes a first N-channel type transistor; a second area which is defined on the surface of the semiconductor chip so that a virtual line being virtually provided on the surface of the semiconductor chip is disposed between the first area and the second area, and which includes a first P-channel type transistor coupled to the first N-channel type transistor, wherein an output signal to be transmitted to the bonding pad, is formed by an output circuit including the first N-channel type transistor and the first P-channel type transistor in accordance with an output signal from the memory circuit; and a terminating circuit coupled to the bonding pad and including a first resistance element, a second N-channel type transistor which is provided in the first area and is coupled to the first resistance element in series, a second resistance element and a second P-channel type transistor which is provided in the second area and is coupled to the second resistance element in series, the terminating circuit being activated by activating the second N-channel type transistor and the second P-channel type transistor.
 4. The semiconductor integrated circuit device according to claim 3, wherein the first resistance element is provided in the first area and the second resistance element is provided in the second area.
 5. The semiconductor integrated circuit device according to claim 4, wherein the bonding pad has a surface and the surface of the bonding pad occupies the surface of the semiconductor chip in a predetermined size, and the virtual line has a portion disposed on the surface of the bonding pad.
 6. The semiconductor integrated circuit device according to claim 5, wherein the virtual line is a straight line.
 7. A semiconductor device comprising: a pad; a first output transistor formed in a first active region and having a first source region coupled to a first voltage node, a first control gate and a first drain region coupled through a first drain contact to said pad, for driving said pad in accordance with an internal signal applied to said first control gate, a distance between the first drain contact and the first control gate being a first distance; a second output transistor formed in a second active region opposed to said first active region and having a second source region coupled to a second voltage node, a second control gate and a second drain region coupled through a second drain contact to said pad, for driving said pad in accordance with an internal signal applied to said second control gate, a distance between said second drain contact and said control gate being a second distance; a first terminating resistance element having a first end coupled to said pad; a first terminating transistor formed in a third active region and having a third source node coupled to a third voltage node, a third control gate and a third drain region coupled to another end of the first terminating resistance element through a third drain contact, being selectively made conductive according to a terminating operation activation signal applied to said third control gate, a distance between the third drain contact and the third control gate being shorter than the first distance; a second terminating resistance element having one end coupled to said pad, and a second terminating transistor formed in a fourth active region and having a fourth source region coupled to a fourth voltage node, a fourth control gate and a fourth drain region coupled through a fourth drain contact to another end of said second terminating resistance element, being selectively made conductive according to a terminating operation activation signal, a distance between the fourth drain contact and the fourth control gate being shorter than the second distance; and said pad being arranged in a region between a region having the first and second active regions arranged therein and a region having the third and fourth active regions arranged therein, the first and second output transistors being configured to drive said pad through a first output node, the first and second terminating resistance element being coupled to said pad through a second output node, the first active region and the third active region being arranged on the same side with respect to a line connecting the first output node, the second output node and the pad, and the second active region and the fourth region being arranged opposite to the first and third regions, respectively, with respect to said line. 